الرئيسية
[b]Some of the scholars in mathematics
Abu Jaafar al-Khazen (4th century AH / 1910)
Mohammed Hussein Al Khazen Khorasani, alias Abu Jaafar world in astronomy and mathematics. The different encyclopedias and history books of science in determining the birth or death did not remember or you specify. It is agreed that he lived in the fourth century AH - the tenth century.
Abu Jaafar al-Khazen of Khorasan as evidenced by the percentage. All referred to by historians of the events of his life he was connected to the son of Brigadier-General (360 e -969 m) minister writer, Minister of the corner of State Albuehi the founder of the Albuehip, it is known that the Minister was a patron of writers and scholars in the cities of: Irrigation and Isfahan, Hamedan, which were under his command and special attention was interested in astronomy. Therefore, it was Abu Ja'far al-Khazen, a scientist who lived in the shadow, and under his auspices, and was produced in astronomy more of its production in mathematics, has lived his life in search of a vision of the world as epicycle, drawing from his study of mathematics to questions of astronomy, and in areas were of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, the achievements of and literature.
One of the main achievements of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen in astronomy that he excelled in the form of the theory of the universe and its composition. The development of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, an explanation for the movement of planets in their progress and divergence, and an explanation for the difference in moon bow (plural arc) equal in his book: Great Entrance to the knowledge of the stars, was also discussed in this book for the first time the theory of Ibn al-Haytham in the formation of stars, and that he relied on Hypotheses Ptolemy translated by Thabit ibn Qara, and discussed also in the other book: The Secret of the Worlds, and methods of appointment of the first Muharram, the first Islamic New Year, and some of the issues in the science of dates. The between Abu Jaafar al-Khazen in this book his opinion on the shape of the world is different with him on the format which is based on astronomy outside the center, epicycle and with equal dimensions of the Earth from the sun with a different movement and becomes - so - prefectures north and south barter in the heat and cold, and studied management and machine .
And the development of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, an explanation of some machine monitoring is the most important astronomical instrument measuring the height of the sun. And invented the loop around 13 feet eight arms, and this vicious circle that is smaller than the former used to it. Achieved by this vicious deviation Zodiac was with the assistance of a range of scientists, has talked about in his father's Cut: Instruments Quran monitoring.
One of the main achievements of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen in mathematics: that those who solve cubic equations solution engineered by the cone and cuts already so Baker and Descartes. In his book: the form of cuttings, and studied issues in the account number. And created the Abu Jaafar Al Khazen solution to the issue exposed by Archimedes cubic equation. He wrote in trigonometry, solving some of the issues for calculating the Parallels.
And Abu Ja'far Al Khazen wrote in astronomy are: Quran observational instruments or machines monitoring wonderful, heaven and earth, connubial platelets.
It is the most important books that talked about the shape of the universe and its composition are: the entrance to the attention of the great stars, and dimensional objects. He explained Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, the interpretation of the book Almagest.
In mathematics with the same message: The account for the numerical issues. As well as his explanation of one of the tenth article of the book assets to Euclid for dividing.
I'm Hamza Moroccan (Century 10 AH / 1916)
Ali Hamza Crown known as the son of Morocco, famous in the world of sport (tenth century AH - the sixth century AD). A founder of logarithms. Born in Algeria of an Algerian father and mother Turkey, where his father better discipline and education throughout the period of upbringing.
Hamza I'm learning the Koran as a boy and keeping the conversation, and showed great talent in mathematics. When he arrived twenty-year-old teacher in Algeria was not the people of his father's resolve to send him to Istanbul when the people of his mother there to learn science by scientists, capital of the Ottoman Empire.
Hamza I knew during the period of his good conduct and quality of instincts, and I have arrived I'm Hamza ranked high in Istanbul, even the right to work as an expert in the accounts Diwan of money in the palace of the Ottoman Sultan. It also brings to his mastery of Arabic and Turkish to study mathematics for the people of Istanbul and coming from the people of the Ottoman Empire.
During the teaching I'm known as Hamza, the scientists who are investigating the accuracy and truthfulness of the writing and the Secretariat of Transport and has Balnsab title because it was attributed to each article, or search the owner of the above notes, but thanks. Was noted for the scientists who were quoted was to give thanks and gratitude for each of the transfer of them, such as Sinan ibn al-Fath, and Ibn Yunus and Ibn Roamer, Abu Abdullah Bin Ghazi Almcanse Moroccan, and Kashi, and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, and Women and others.
I stayed in his post until Hamza reached the death of his father, resigned from his desire to care for his mother, who became a single. In Algeria, the work of Ibn Hamza, his father's shops which rent it to small traders period of time. It's just that it sold, and sold the house, too, and after that decided to move him and his mother to Mecca to perform the Hajj and stay next to the Sacred House.
In Mecca, I'm sat Hamza to teach arithmetic to the pilgrims of the teachers was outstanding in this area. Hamza was the son of focus in teaching arithmetic that people use every day, as well as issues that revolve around matters of inheritance.
At the same day asked by an Indian pilgrims on the question of inheritance loomed R-athletes Indians there. So, I'm Hamza skill is not preceded by the one before drawing a peaceful agenda in which he explained the share of each of the heirs, this issue has been defined Balmacaip.
And when he reached the Ottoman viceroy in Mecca to resolve this issue, he asked him to work in the Office of the money, he stayed there for about fifteen years. During that period, I embarked on the study of Hamza numerical and geometric sequences and consensus-depth study led ultimately to lay the foundations of science algorithms, which is a science of Applied Science, who served a great service. The development of these ideas I'm Hamza in his famous masterpiece numbers for people with majority and payment.
Jabir ibn returned (000-509 AH / 000-1116 m)
Abu Muhammad Jabir ibn returned, mathematician, astronomer, famous in the sixth century AH / twelfth century. Born in Seville, where he received basic sciences, then he emigrated to Cordoba and settled by the rest of his life and was buried.
Jaber studied mathematics, astronomy, first of considerable attention. Have benefited Jabir bin returned from the experience of senior scientists Arabs and Muslims in these areas. It has also established the first observatory in Andalusia, which is at the time the first observatory in Europe and the work of all his experiences on which the astronomical observations and criticism of the Ptolemaic system of plasma.
And return fame Jabir ibn returned true in the field of mathematics to the creations of some important theorems and necessary to solve triangles soccer career, he has a law Jaber known in the West as Gober law expresses the relationship pockets and the pockets of sharp angles and sides of the triangle corresponding states on (cos b = Jtab then removed).
In the field of astronomy, his fame goes back to correct the serious mistakes that slipped by Ptolemy in his Almagest, as well as the results demonstrate that Venus and Mars closer to Earth from the sun. He also initiated and creativity in the discovery of some of the monitoring machines that were used in the monitoring centers in Spain.
We have received the returned Jabir ibn great fame in his book Almagest or repair the body within which some important observations on the book of Ptolemy's Almagest, especially in the theory of the planets.
The first European scientists to the book Jaber Fterjmoh great importance to and from Latin into the languages of East and West are many.
Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus (551-639 AH / 1156-1242 AD)
Abu Imran Musa ibn Kamal al-Din ibn Yunus ibn Muhammad ibn Maalik bin invincibility'Aqeeli famous perfectly Din Ibn Yunus, mathematician, astronomer, famous in the fifth and sixth centuries AD / twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Born in the city of Mosul, where he grew up in the house of science, and studied Islamic sciences with his father until he mastered and became a sign there.
Kamal al-Din visited Baghdad where he remained for a period of time, to receive the flag on the top scientists in experimental sciences. When excelled in astronomy and mathematical sciences returned to his hometown. In Mosul, established Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus school luxury, and was studying forensic science and the language, experimental sciences, so he moved to the vicinity of his Lord.
Kamal al-Din was taught his students both arithmetic and algebra and the interview at the school in Mosul luxury as it was felt that the mathematical sciences are essential to study the experimental sciences and philosophy, it was believed that the mathematical sciences the backbone of all science. He was renowned as Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus and knowledge of the moral, was a full-time teaching and scientific research and to answer questions which are received from Baghdad and from all around the world, it was that the science Ezko spending.
Found Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus in the research and survey of pleasure, he went looking in the various sciences and knowledge engineering Vahtam Euclid, to the relevance of empirical science, especially astronomy. And wrote a book in Engineering contains the cones and averages and resolve the issue relating to the establishment box is equivalent to a piece of the circle.
Also studied Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus chemistry close-up, they relate to the knowledge of medicine, and wrote a book which collects between chemistry, medicine, called the book puzzle in the wisdom gained by the desirability of his contemporaries.
In astronomy long way away, explained the book's Almagest Ptolemy full explanation, and his book A Bowl secrets in the stars, Vmaa his will in the world and became a science students come from all quarters for a student of it, as was the case in this field. It also monitored the planets and celestial bodies in Mosul, which urged him to write a book about the astrolabe, for the use of the observations in there. And the work of Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus machine called Ber Car full fee annua p cones engineering relied on in astronomy, scientists have benefited the Arabs and Muslims from this machine is great interest in history.
The varied talents of Kamal al-Din and he had a tour of the literature, and poetry. He was enamored of reading the stories of historical facts, was conveyed to his students, so Ervh them during the lecture, so the lessons were always crowded with students. Because of the fame that did not leave him envious, the Underachievers and the haters, but for the fabricated charges against him are far from the truth, and have been waiting for an opportunity to rhythm when the governors of it at the time.
Leave Kamal al-Din ibn Yunus large number of publications in various disciplines of the most famous addition to the above: a book exposing problems and clarify issues that arise in the interpretation of the Koran, a book explaining the book alert in the literature, the book vocabulary words of the law, and the book Eyes of logic, and a message in cones and a message in the boxes magical.
Uqlidisi (000-341 AH / 000-952 AD)
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Abu al-Hasan al-Uqlidisi mathematician who lived in the fourth century AH / tenth century. Did not mention encyclopedias and history books something about the life sciences Uqlidisi, said that the title Uqlidisi because he had been making money from the group copies of Euclid's book and sell it, and said he was only taught as well. Uqlidisi and lived in Damascus, and the work of the teacher account.
It was not known to Ikulaidsi only book a single and unique in the math book: chapters in the account of India. Is the oldest book Arab thousand in the account of India, who is also the most important books written in the history of science for the account Indian as it was revealed Account History Indian Muslims, and corrected the view of many Western historians who saw that the account is the Indian custom among the Arabs in the sixth century AH / twelfth century. I realize through this book is a collection of scientific facts, including the obvious: that the account was the Arab-Indian and the hand of Indian School is not known, bore Farisip, confirming the view that the north-western parts of India for a long time been subject to Persian rule. Before the discovery of a book Uqlidisi was not known that the account being Indian in the sand and depends on the erasure, there is no clear indication of the Arab heritage of Hindi books to which they had them.
Was impressed by the Orientalists Uqlidisi approach to the book, he writes the first scientific article on the stages, each stage in the season, and between the seasons spaces, and this way has been developed to serve a purpose in his time. As well as admired profusely scientific article that does not exist when other Islamic scholars. Cluster munitions are not scientific We got to know just what we did not know about the expense of Takht in the Muslim world, they also learned about a lot than it was this account in India itself.
Uqlidisi were interested in his book, numerate, and is the innovator in the Islamic world to decimal fractions.
I'm Beja (000-533 AH / 000-1139 m)
Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn goldsmith Altchibey son of the famous Andalusian Beja, philosopher and physician known in the fifth and sixth centuries AD / twelfth century. He is the first ray of the philosophical sciences in Andalusia without conflict. Born in the Andalusian city of Zaragoza, where he spent his early childhood stages, and when he grew up to become Alphonse Seville after opening the first city of Zaragoza in 512 AH / 1119.
I stayed in Seville Beja time, and then traveled to Granada, where he stayed for at times, and then deported to Morocco was the subject of reverence and admiration of princes stationed.
Beja was the son of keen intelligence and action capacity of thought, and surpassed the people of his time in philosophy and wisdom, it is a school in the West Alorstaiwip Neo-Platonism. The RPR'm Beja he brought along with philosophy, science, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, physics and music. The development of sciences in the service of his philosophy, so scholars considered the first established on the philosophical foundations of mathematics and natural resources.
Received'm Beja a high profile when the rulers of Andalusia, was this place that raised the envy of a number of ministers he wrote the opening bin Hakan Minister "The writer Abu Bakr ibn al-Sayegh is a mote in the eye of religion and suffering to the people of guidance. He was known among the people of his time obsession and officials to seek and keeps himself Bsvasef things did not work properly without the mathematics, astronomy, and despised the Book of Allah Al-Hakim and introduce him. He used to say that the age is constantly changing, and that nothing lasts forever on the case, and that the human as some plant or animal, and death is the end of everything. "
It also monitors his doctors and his colleagues tried to kill him more than once for his genius in medicine and high would it, was spared again and again until he died, poisoned and buried in the city of Fez.
I'm leaving the Beja many works in various sciences mismatch wrote in medicine, mathematics, natural science and the wisdom of the animal. He also left his books not be performed by including a book on psychology and logic, and a large number of messages. The months of his book endures measure and a message of farewell.
Left school as a student of the great philosophical scholars Ibn Rushd the philosopher and physician Abu al-Hassan Fadel Granadan is distinguished in science and literature.
Fern (000-286 AH / 000-899 AD)
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan Fern, known as the son and the son of Lafraiki world of good land sports doctor astronomer. He lived in the third century AH - the ninth century.
Born Fern City fern Boukrassan, grew up and received his first education, where the conservation of the Koran and learn the principles of mathematics, then pull travelers to the city of Baghdad, and sought to receive the flag at the hands of Canadian world encyclopaedic philosopher, and became one of the Onbg his disciples, the promise of the most important scientists Mosusien was poet and up to date, a doctor and astronomer and sports. In the art was known composer gourmet music theory and in practice, and it was logicians. And when his reputation was chosen to be a milestone for the first Matdd in his youth, he was also Sarkhasi Mtvenna Science in ancient Arab literature, and was a good knowledge of good instincts eloquent tongue, and prepared by the historians of his time in the sole as a scientific and hair.
The Fern convivial, beautiful rare, nice, loving the humor, and when it entered the Almatdd manhood was Fern of the most important Ndmaih and close friends, and when the Crown Almatdd caliphate in 279 AH - 901 AD and appointed the position of Holland in Baghdad, he trusted him and lead him Bosrarh and consulted in matters of governance. Although this was overcome Fern was a good heart does not know the courtesy which led to the anger of a footnote Almatdd Vdberoa it has made Almatdd ploy angers him and ordered his imprisonment and the confiscation of money. Fern died in 286 AH - 899 AD, however, one police officer were killed Almatdd without his permission to do so.
It is said that Almatdd went to the head of the army to regain the city of Diyarbakir Amed, and he exploited the prisoners who were in Baghdad Palmtamir opportunity Sarkhasi fled, and refused to flee with them, however, when he was arrested on the prisoners and ordered his police to kill them killed Fern
Egypt (000-943 AH / 000-1536 m)
Muhammad ibn Abi al-Fath bin Mohammed bin Isa bin Ahmed Al-Masri, also known as Sufi Shams al-Din also known as Abu Abdullah, sports, astronomy. He lived in the tenth century AH / sixteenth century.
Egyptian famous astronomers in Egypt have been affected Bseg Oleg, you did not specify the encyclopedias or books of history of science in his birth, but they disagreed in his death was told in one account that he had died in 853 AH / 1449, It is clear when you check in the life of the Egyptian and writings error that the novel, as he finished writing his book: walk the viewer in the development of lines virtue of the ongoing in 878 AH / 1473, and the novel common and the most accurate is a novel-Kabeer, he died in 943 AH / 1536, as well as we do not know very little about his life.
Were interested in the Egyptian link between mathematics and astronomy at the astronomical calculations and tables, and care as well as monitor the movement of the planets, the moon and the sun directly, and calendar, including the seven planets: Venus and Mercury. The monitoring of historians of science of Egypt more than a hundred letters, articles and book did not reach us, the most important books include: letter of solar business pocket, and a work quarter respondent, and the results of thought in the direct to the Moon, and calendar of the seven planets, and the end of the level in the scale It covers the expense ratio gendarmerie road agenda, minutes, Alstinip ratio, and media Alpennekam strain, and by calculating diagonal and painted with a thickness of moderation. Has addressed the connubial wades your explanation and facilitation, have completed this manual the letter entitled: the joy of thinking in solving the sun and the moon, and the masterpiece of the principals in the establishment of the dust out of the norm, and reach of desire to work via the occult star Bagheim, with letters Talimytan in astronomy are : Quotes in astronomy, and the Mayor of understanding with the knowledge to extract astronomical works of the account, and a message easy fun at work Balbsit high.
Alqocji (000-879 AH / 000-1474 m)
Alaa El-Din Ali ibn Muhammad, mathematician and astronomer known in the ninth century AH / fifteenth century. Born in Kerman, Iran from the country, where he received basic sciences, then he moved to Samarkand and settled where he became one of the most prominent scholars horns.
Alqocji work at the Samarkand observatory established by the Prince Ulugh Beg, was within the working group, consisting of Judge Zade Rumi, and Ghayasuddin Kashi, and Moinuddin Kashani. Despite the young age of Alqocji who was the youngest members of the Commission are not, but it was one of the most prominent scholars of the Observatory and a cornerstone of it. He saw the Prince wades in your Alqocji a good example of promising the world sent him to China in order to make their sciences of astronomy and apply themselves, in particular, that the Samarkand observatory was a mix of Chinese scientists. Alqocji has been in the service of Prince Oleg until your death.
Alqocji journeyed from Samarkand to Constantinople, where was the care and discretion of the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed, enable the deployment of Alqocji astronomy and geography in the Turkish state. The cost of Fatih Sultan Mehmet Mosque taught at the famous Hagia Sophia, and remained in his job until the last days. Have pointed to the importance of the Ottoman Alqocji China, which he had visited the Prince wades your days.
Fame and return Alqocji scientific translation movement created by active and comprehensive in the country was the Ottoman Empire, which in the prime of her life in that time, which resulted in a scientific awakening Ottoman and wide.
Leave Alqocji important works including a book is the author of Muhammadiyah in mathematics and presented to Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror. The book is also named Alvthip the name of Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror. Have received these books Alqocji and other works great interest in the Islamic world because they contain information bearing on the experience of multiple, reflecting the movement Alqocji and knowledge at large[/b]
Abu Jaafar al-Khazen (4th century AH / 1910)
Mohammed Hussein Al Khazen Khorasani, alias Abu Jaafar world in astronomy and mathematics. The different encyclopedias and history books of science in determining the birth or death did not remember or you specify. It is agreed that he lived in the fourth century AH - the tenth century.
Abu Jaafar al-Khazen of Khorasan as evidenced by the percentage. All referred to by historians of the events of his life he was connected to the son of Brigadier-General (360 e -969 m) minister writer, Minister of the corner of State Albuehi the founder of the Albuehip, it is known that the Minister was a patron of writers and scholars in the cities of: Irrigation and Isfahan, Hamedan, which were under his command and special attention was interested in astronomy. Therefore, it was Abu Ja'far al-Khazen, a scientist who lived in the shadow, and under his auspices, and was produced in astronomy more of its production in mathematics, has lived his life in search of a vision of the world as epicycle, drawing from his study of mathematics to questions of astronomy, and in areas were of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, the achievements of and literature.
One of the main achievements of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen in astronomy that he excelled in the form of the theory of the universe and its composition. The development of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, an explanation for the movement of planets in their progress and divergence, and an explanation for the difference in moon bow (plural arc) equal in his book: Great Entrance to the knowledge of the stars, was also discussed in this book for the first time the theory of Ibn al-Haytham in the formation of stars, and that he relied on Hypotheses Ptolemy translated by Thabit ibn Qara, and discussed also in the other book: The Secret of the Worlds, and methods of appointment of the first Muharram, the first Islamic New Year, and some of the issues in the science of dates. The between Abu Jaafar al-Khazen in this book his opinion on the shape of the world is different with him on the format which is based on astronomy outside the center, epicycle and with equal dimensions of the Earth from the sun with a different movement and becomes - so - prefectures north and south barter in the heat and cold, and studied management and machine .
And the development of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, an explanation of some machine monitoring is the most important astronomical instrument measuring the height of the sun. And invented the loop around 13 feet eight arms, and this vicious circle that is smaller than the former used to it. Achieved by this vicious deviation Zodiac was with the assistance of a range of scientists, has talked about in his father's Cut: Instruments Quran monitoring.
One of the main achievements of Abu Jaafar al-Khazen in mathematics: that those who solve cubic equations solution engineered by the cone and cuts already so Baker and Descartes. In his book: the form of cuttings, and studied issues in the account number. And created the Abu Jaafar Al Khazen solution to the issue exposed by Archimedes cubic equation. He wrote in trigonometry, solving some of the issues for calculating the Parallels.
And Abu Ja'far Al Khazen wrote in astronomy are: Quran observational instruments or machines monitoring wonderful, heaven and earth, connubial platelets.
It is the most important books that talked about the shape of the universe and its composition are: the entrance to the attention of the great stars, and dimensional objects. He explained Abu Jaafar al-Khazen, the interpretation of the book Almagest.
In mathematics with the same message: The account for the numerical issues. As well as his explanation of one of the tenth article of the book assets to Euclid for dividing.
I'm Hamza Moroccan (Century 10 AH / 1916)
Ali Hamza Crown known as the son of Morocco, famous in the world of sport (tenth century AH - the sixth century AD). A founder of logarithms. Born in Algeria of an Algerian father and mother Turkey, where his father better discipline and education throughout the period of upbringing.
Hamza I'm learning the Koran as a boy and keeping the conversation, and showed great talent in mathematics. When he arrived twenty-year-old teacher in Algeria was not the people of his father's resolve to send him to Istanbul when the people of his mother there to learn science by scientists, capital of the Ottoman Empire.
Hamza I knew during the period of his good conduct and quality of instincts, and I have arrived I'm Hamza ranked high in Istanbul, even the right to work as an expert in the accounts Diwan of money in the palace of the Ottoman Sultan. It also brings to his mastery of Arabic and Turkish to study mathematics for the people of Istanbul and coming from the people of the Ottoman Empire.
During the teaching I'm known as Hamza, the scientists who are investigating the accuracy and truthfulness of the writing and the Secretariat of Transport and has Balnsab title because it was attributed to each article, or search the owner of the above notes, but thanks. Was noted for the scientists who were quoted was to give thanks and gratitude for each of the transfer of them, such as Sinan ibn al-Fath, and Ibn Yunus and Ibn Roamer, Abu Abdullah Bin Ghazi Almcanse Moroccan, and Kashi, and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, and Women and others.
I stayed in his post until Hamza reached the death of his father, resigned from his desire to care for his mother, who became a single. In Algeria, the work of Ibn Hamza, his father's shops which rent it to small traders period of time. It's just that it sold, and sold the house, too, and after that decided to move him and his mother to Mecca to perform the Hajj and stay next to the Sacred House.
In Mecca, I'm sat Hamza to teach arithmetic to the pilgrims of the teachers was outstanding in this area. Hamza was the son of focus in teaching arithmetic that people use every day, as well as issues that revolve around matters of inheritance.
At the same day asked by an Indian pilgrims on the question of inheritance loomed R-athletes Indians there. So, I'm Hamza skill is not preceded by the one before drawing a peaceful agenda in which he explained the share of each of the heirs, this issue has been defined Balmacaip.
And when he reached the Ottoman viceroy in Mecca to resolve this issue, he asked him to work in the Office of the money, he stayed there for about fifteen years. During that period, I embarked on the study of Hamza numerical and geometric sequences and consensus-depth study led ultimately to lay the foundations of science algorithms, which is a science of Applied Science, who served a great service. The development of these ideas I'm Hamza in his famous masterpiece numbers for people with majority and payment.
Jabir ibn returned (000-509 AH / 000-1116 m)
Abu Muhammad Jabir ibn returned, mathematician, astronomer, famous in the sixth century AH / twelfth century. Born in Seville, where he received basic sciences, then he emigrated to Cordoba and settled by the rest of his life and was buried.
Jaber studied mathematics, astronomy, first of considerable attention. Have benefited Jabir bin returned from the experience of senior scientists Arabs and Muslims in these areas. It has also established the first observatory in Andalusia, which is at the time the first observatory in Europe and the work of all his experiences on which the astronomical observations and criticism of the Ptolemaic system of plasma.
And return fame Jabir ibn returned true in the field of mathematics to the creations of some important theorems and necessary to solve triangles soccer career, he has a law Jaber known in the West as Gober law expresses the relationship pockets and the pockets of sharp angles and sides of the triangle corresponding states on (cos b = Jtab then removed).
In the field of astronomy, his fame goes back to correct the serious mistakes that slipped by Ptolemy in his Almagest, as well as the results demonstrate that Venus and Mars closer to Earth from the sun. He also initiated and creativity in the discovery of some of the monitoring machines that were used in the monitoring centers in Spain.
We have received the returned Jabir ibn great fame in his book Almagest or repair the body within which some important observations on the book of Ptolemy's Almagest, especially in the theory of the planets.
The first European scientists to the book Jaber Fterjmoh great importance to and from Latin into the languages of East and West are many.
Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus (551-639 AH / 1156-1242 AD)
Abu Imran Musa ibn Kamal al-Din ibn Yunus ibn Muhammad ibn Maalik bin invincibility'Aqeeli famous perfectly Din Ibn Yunus, mathematician, astronomer, famous in the fifth and sixth centuries AD / twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Born in the city of Mosul, where he grew up in the house of science, and studied Islamic sciences with his father until he mastered and became a sign there.
Kamal al-Din visited Baghdad where he remained for a period of time, to receive the flag on the top scientists in experimental sciences. When excelled in astronomy and mathematical sciences returned to his hometown. In Mosul, established Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus school luxury, and was studying forensic science and the language, experimental sciences, so he moved to the vicinity of his Lord.
Kamal al-Din was taught his students both arithmetic and algebra and the interview at the school in Mosul luxury as it was felt that the mathematical sciences are essential to study the experimental sciences and philosophy, it was believed that the mathematical sciences the backbone of all science. He was renowned as Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus and knowledge of the moral, was a full-time teaching and scientific research and to answer questions which are received from Baghdad and from all around the world, it was that the science Ezko spending.
Found Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus in the research and survey of pleasure, he went looking in the various sciences and knowledge engineering Vahtam Euclid, to the relevance of empirical science, especially astronomy. And wrote a book in Engineering contains the cones and averages and resolve the issue relating to the establishment box is equivalent to a piece of the circle.
Also studied Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus chemistry close-up, they relate to the knowledge of medicine, and wrote a book which collects between chemistry, medicine, called the book puzzle in the wisdom gained by the desirability of his contemporaries.
In astronomy long way away, explained the book's Almagest Ptolemy full explanation, and his book A Bowl secrets in the stars, Vmaa his will in the world and became a science students come from all quarters for a student of it, as was the case in this field. It also monitored the planets and celestial bodies in Mosul, which urged him to write a book about the astrolabe, for the use of the observations in there. And the work of Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus machine called Ber Car full fee annua p cones engineering relied on in astronomy, scientists have benefited the Arabs and Muslims from this machine is great interest in history.
The varied talents of Kamal al-Din and he had a tour of the literature, and poetry. He was enamored of reading the stories of historical facts, was conveyed to his students, so Ervh them during the lecture, so the lessons were always crowded with students. Because of the fame that did not leave him envious, the Underachievers and the haters, but for the fabricated charges against him are far from the truth, and have been waiting for an opportunity to rhythm when the governors of it at the time.
Leave Kamal al-Din ibn Yunus large number of publications in various disciplines of the most famous addition to the above: a book exposing problems and clarify issues that arise in the interpretation of the Koran, a book explaining the book alert in the literature, the book vocabulary words of the law, and the book Eyes of logic, and a message in cones and a message in the boxes magical.
Uqlidisi (000-341 AH / 000-952 AD)
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Abu al-Hasan al-Uqlidisi mathematician who lived in the fourth century AH / tenth century. Did not mention encyclopedias and history books something about the life sciences Uqlidisi, said that the title Uqlidisi because he had been making money from the group copies of Euclid's book and sell it, and said he was only taught as well. Uqlidisi and lived in Damascus, and the work of the teacher account.
It was not known to Ikulaidsi only book a single and unique in the math book: chapters in the account of India. Is the oldest book Arab thousand in the account of India, who is also the most important books written in the history of science for the account Indian as it was revealed Account History Indian Muslims, and corrected the view of many Western historians who saw that the account is the Indian custom among the Arabs in the sixth century AH / twelfth century. I realize through this book is a collection of scientific facts, including the obvious: that the account was the Arab-Indian and the hand of Indian School is not known, bore Farisip, confirming the view that the north-western parts of India for a long time been subject to Persian rule. Before the discovery of a book Uqlidisi was not known that the account being Indian in the sand and depends on the erasure, there is no clear indication of the Arab heritage of Hindi books to which they had them.
Was impressed by the Orientalists Uqlidisi approach to the book, he writes the first scientific article on the stages, each stage in the season, and between the seasons spaces, and this way has been developed to serve a purpose in his time. As well as admired profusely scientific article that does not exist when other Islamic scholars. Cluster munitions are not scientific We got to know just what we did not know about the expense of Takht in the Muslim world, they also learned about a lot than it was this account in India itself.
Uqlidisi were interested in his book, numerate, and is the innovator in the Islamic world to decimal fractions.
I'm Beja (000-533 AH / 000-1139 m)
Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn goldsmith Altchibey son of the famous Andalusian Beja, philosopher and physician known in the fifth and sixth centuries AD / twelfth century. He is the first ray of the philosophical sciences in Andalusia without conflict. Born in the Andalusian city of Zaragoza, where he spent his early childhood stages, and when he grew up to become Alphonse Seville after opening the first city of Zaragoza in 512 AH / 1119.
I stayed in Seville Beja time, and then traveled to Granada, where he stayed for at times, and then deported to Morocco was the subject of reverence and admiration of princes stationed.
Beja was the son of keen intelligence and action capacity of thought, and surpassed the people of his time in philosophy and wisdom, it is a school in the West Alorstaiwip Neo-Platonism. The RPR'm Beja he brought along with philosophy, science, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, physics and music. The development of sciences in the service of his philosophy, so scholars considered the first established on the philosophical foundations of mathematics and natural resources.
Received'm Beja a high profile when the rulers of Andalusia, was this place that raised the envy of a number of ministers he wrote the opening bin Hakan Minister "The writer Abu Bakr ibn al-Sayegh is a mote in the eye of religion and suffering to the people of guidance. He was known among the people of his time obsession and officials to seek and keeps himself Bsvasef things did not work properly without the mathematics, astronomy, and despised the Book of Allah Al-Hakim and introduce him. He used to say that the age is constantly changing, and that nothing lasts forever on the case, and that the human as some plant or animal, and death is the end of everything. "
It also monitors his doctors and his colleagues tried to kill him more than once for his genius in medicine and high would it, was spared again and again until he died, poisoned and buried in the city of Fez.
I'm leaving the Beja many works in various sciences mismatch wrote in medicine, mathematics, natural science and the wisdom of the animal. He also left his books not be performed by including a book on psychology and logic, and a large number of messages. The months of his book endures measure and a message of farewell.
Left school as a student of the great philosophical scholars Ibn Rushd the philosopher and physician Abu al-Hassan Fadel Granadan is distinguished in science and literature.
Fern (000-286 AH / 000-899 AD)
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan Fern, known as the son and the son of Lafraiki world of good land sports doctor astronomer. He lived in the third century AH - the ninth century.
Born Fern City fern Boukrassan, grew up and received his first education, where the conservation of the Koran and learn the principles of mathematics, then pull travelers to the city of Baghdad, and sought to receive the flag at the hands of Canadian world encyclopaedic philosopher, and became one of the Onbg his disciples, the promise of the most important scientists Mosusien was poet and up to date, a doctor and astronomer and sports. In the art was known composer gourmet music theory and in practice, and it was logicians. And when his reputation was chosen to be a milestone for the first Matdd in his youth, he was also Sarkhasi Mtvenna Science in ancient Arab literature, and was a good knowledge of good instincts eloquent tongue, and prepared by the historians of his time in the sole as a scientific and hair.
The Fern convivial, beautiful rare, nice, loving the humor, and when it entered the Almatdd manhood was Fern of the most important Ndmaih and close friends, and when the Crown Almatdd caliphate in 279 AH - 901 AD and appointed the position of Holland in Baghdad, he trusted him and lead him Bosrarh and consulted in matters of governance. Although this was overcome Fern was a good heart does not know the courtesy which led to the anger of a footnote Almatdd Vdberoa it has made Almatdd ploy angers him and ordered his imprisonment and the confiscation of money. Fern died in 286 AH - 899 AD, however, one police officer were killed Almatdd without his permission to do so.
It is said that Almatdd went to the head of the army to regain the city of Diyarbakir Amed, and he exploited the prisoners who were in Baghdad Palmtamir opportunity Sarkhasi fled, and refused to flee with them, however, when he was arrested on the prisoners and ordered his police to kill them killed Fern
Egypt (000-943 AH / 000-1536 m)
Muhammad ibn Abi al-Fath bin Mohammed bin Isa bin Ahmed Al-Masri, also known as Sufi Shams al-Din also known as Abu Abdullah, sports, astronomy. He lived in the tenth century AH / sixteenth century.
Egyptian famous astronomers in Egypt have been affected Bseg Oleg, you did not specify the encyclopedias or books of history of science in his birth, but they disagreed in his death was told in one account that he had died in 853 AH / 1449, It is clear when you check in the life of the Egyptian and writings error that the novel, as he finished writing his book: walk the viewer in the development of lines virtue of the ongoing in 878 AH / 1473, and the novel common and the most accurate is a novel-Kabeer, he died in 943 AH / 1536, as well as we do not know very little about his life.
Were interested in the Egyptian link between mathematics and astronomy at the astronomical calculations and tables, and care as well as monitor the movement of the planets, the moon and the sun directly, and calendar, including the seven planets: Venus and Mercury. The monitoring of historians of science of Egypt more than a hundred letters, articles and book did not reach us, the most important books include: letter of solar business pocket, and a work quarter respondent, and the results of thought in the direct to the Moon, and calendar of the seven planets, and the end of the level in the scale It covers the expense ratio gendarmerie road agenda, minutes, Alstinip ratio, and media Alpennekam strain, and by calculating diagonal and painted with a thickness of moderation. Has addressed the connubial wades your explanation and facilitation, have completed this manual the letter entitled: the joy of thinking in solving the sun and the moon, and the masterpiece of the principals in the establishment of the dust out of the norm, and reach of desire to work via the occult star Bagheim, with letters Talimytan in astronomy are : Quotes in astronomy, and the Mayor of understanding with the knowledge to extract astronomical works of the account, and a message easy fun at work Balbsit high.
Alqocji (000-879 AH / 000-1474 m)
Alaa El-Din Ali ibn Muhammad, mathematician and astronomer known in the ninth century AH / fifteenth century. Born in Kerman, Iran from the country, where he received basic sciences, then he moved to Samarkand and settled where he became one of the most prominent scholars horns.
Alqocji work at the Samarkand observatory established by the Prince Ulugh Beg, was within the working group, consisting of Judge Zade Rumi, and Ghayasuddin Kashi, and Moinuddin Kashani. Despite the young age of Alqocji who was the youngest members of the Commission are not, but it was one of the most prominent scholars of the Observatory and a cornerstone of it. He saw the Prince wades in your Alqocji a good example of promising the world sent him to China in order to make their sciences of astronomy and apply themselves, in particular, that the Samarkand observatory was a mix of Chinese scientists. Alqocji has been in the service of Prince Oleg until your death.
Alqocji journeyed from Samarkand to Constantinople, where was the care and discretion of the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed, enable the deployment of Alqocji astronomy and geography in the Turkish state. The cost of Fatih Sultan Mehmet Mosque taught at the famous Hagia Sophia, and remained in his job until the last days. Have pointed to the importance of the Ottoman Alqocji China, which he had visited the Prince wades your days.
Fame and return Alqocji scientific translation movement created by active and comprehensive in the country was the Ottoman Empire, which in the prime of her life in that time, which resulted in a scientific awakening Ottoman and wide.
Leave Alqocji important works including a book is the author of Muhammadiyah in mathematics and presented to Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror. The book is also named Alvthip the name of Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror. Have received these books Alqocji and other works great interest in the Islamic world because they contain information bearing on the experience of multiple, reflecting the movement Alqocji and knowledge at large[/b]